Neuroethics: Considerations for a Future Embedded with Neurotechnology

Neuroethics is a burgeoning interdisciplinary field that integrates the sciences of biology, genetics, psychology, neuroscience, and philosophy (Churchland 2006). As technology continues to advance we must be vigilant about the way new devices and human–technology systems are integrated into society, workplaces, and the human condition. It is our intention to use this chapter to raise questions and concerns in some budding neuroscientific areas by exploring possible technological advancements, as well as current-day technology that can give insight into the way humans may interact with neurotech systems in the future. We begin by first examining the philosophical roots of “neuroethics”—specifically, the late American philosopher Robert Nozick’s (1938–2002) “Experience Machine” thesis, a debate on whether humans would willingly immerse themselves in a false reality. These assumptions have been contradicted by a multitude of reports and studies on the rampant growth of video game and Internet addiction, which will be reviewed. We will then move into the areas of selection, neuro-entertainment, neuro-clinical diagnoses, and neuromarketing, exploring a possible future where the value of brain information may surpass that of either words or actions.